There are many immunotherapy medications treating many different kinds of cancers.  Probably the most versatile immunotherapy is a checkpoint inhibitor known as Keytruda™ (pembrolizumab).

Use in Cancer

Pembrolizumab is approved to treat:

  • Breast cancer that is triple negative and has the PD-L1 protein. Pembrolizumab is used in patients whose cancer has come back and cannot be removed by surgery or has spread.¹
  • Cervical cancer that is recurrent or metastatic. Pembrolizumab is used in patients whose cancer has the PD-L1 protein and whose cancer got worse during or after chemotherapy.¹
  • Classic Hodgkin lymphoma. Pembrolizumab is used:
    • In adults whose cancer is refractory (does not respond to treatment) or has relapsed.
    • In children whose cancer is refractory or has relapsed after at least two other types of treatment.
  • Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (a type of skin cancer) that is recurrent or metastatic. Pembrolizumab is used in patients whose cancer cannot be cured by surgery or radiation therapy.
  • Endometrial carcinoma that is advanced and got worse after other systemic therapies. Pembrolizumab is used with lenvatinib in patients whose cancer is not microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) and cannot be treated with surgery or radiation therapy.¹
  • Esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer that has spread and cannot be cured by surgery or a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Pembrolizumab is used:
  • Gastric (stomach) cancer or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that has come back or spread. Pembrolizumab is used in patients whose cancer has the PD-L1 protein and got worse during or after two or more types of treatment including a fluoropyrimidine and platinum chemotherapy and, in some cases, HER2/neu targeted therapy.¹
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer) in patients who have been treated with sorafenib.¹
  • Melanoma. Pembrolizumab is used in:
    • Patients whose cancer cannot be removed by surgery or has metastasized (spread to other parts of the body) or
    • Patients who have had surgery to remove cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes.
  • Merkel cell carcinoma in adults and children. Pembrolizumab is used in patients whose cancer has come back or spread.¹
  • Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) cancer that is metastatic or cannot be removed by surgery. Pembrolizumab is used to treat:
    • Solid tumors in adults and children that got worse after other treatment and cannot be treated with other therapies.¹
    • Colorectal cancer. Pembrolizumab is used:

    MSI-H and dMMR cancers have certain genetic mutations and may not respond to some types of treatment.

  • Non-small cell lung cancer. Pembrolizumab is used:
    • With pemetrexed and platinum chemotherapy as the first treatment in patients with nonsquamous metastatic cancer that does not have a mutation in the EGFR gene or ALK gene.
    • With carboplatin and either paclitaxel or paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation as the first treatment for metastatic squamous cancer.
    • Alone as the first treatment in patients whose cancer has the PD-L1 protein and does not have a mutation in the EGFR gene or ALK gene. Pembrolizumab is used in patients with stage III cancer that cannot be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy. It is also used in patients with metastatic cancer.
    • Alone in patients whose cancer is metastatic, has the PD-L1 protein, and has gotten worse during or after treatment with platinum chemotherapy. Patients whose cancer has EGFR or ALK gene mutations should receive pembrolizumab only if their disease got worse after treatment with an FDA-approved therapy for these mutations.
  • Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma. Pembrolizumab is used in adults and children whose cancer returned after at least two other therapies.¹
  • Renal cell carcinoma (a type of kidney cancer) that has spread or cannot be removed by surgery. Pembrolizumab is used with axitinib as the first treatment.
  • Solid tumors that are tumor mutational burden-high (TMB-H) and are metastatic or cannot be removed by surgery. Pembrolizumab is used in adults and children whose cancer got worse after treatment and who are not able to receive other therapies.¹
  • Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck that has metastasized or recurred (come back). Pembrolizumab is used:
    • With platinum chemotherapy and fluorouracil as the first treatment in patients whose cancer cannot be removed by surgery.
    • Alone as the first treatment in patients whose cancer treatment in patients whose cancer cannot be removed by surgery and whose tumors have the PD-L1 protein.
    • Alone in patients whose cancer got worse during or after treatment with platinum chemotherapy.
  • Urothelial carcinoma (a type of bladder cancer). Pembrolizumab is used in:
    • Patients whose cancer has spread and has the PD-L1 protein and cannot be treated with cisplatin.¹
    • Patients whose cancer has spread and cannot be treated with platinum chemotherapy or has gotten worse during or after treatment with platinum chemotherapy.¹
    • Patients with carcinoma in situ that is high risk, does not respond to treatment with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and has not spread to muscle. Pembrolizumab is used in patients whose disease cannot be treated with surgery or who have decided not to have surgery.

¹This use is approved under FDA’s Accelerated Approval Program. As a condition of approval, confirmatory trial(s) must show that pembrolizumab provides a clinical benefit in these patients.

Pembrolizumab is also being studied in the treatment of other types of cancer.